The Kyaukgu Umin, whose name means “Rock Cave Tunnel”, is interesting because of the use it makes of a natural topographical feature.
Much of Bagan is flat land, but it is also cut up by ravines, and the site chosen for this temple is the precipitous side of a deep ravine. The temple is built into the cliff side and consists of a high ground storey surmounted by two receding terraces on which stands a small stupa.
A high archway, flanked by perforated windows on either side, provides entry into the temple which has a large square hall. Two huge pillars in the centre provide support for the roof and terraces above. Opposite the entrance is a large image of the Buddha, seated on a lotus throne made up of carved stone slabs. High on the wall beside the Buddha are square panels of painting, while on other walls there are niches holding stone reliefs depicting the life of the Buddha. Fine carvings in stone, instead of the more usual stucco adorn the pillars as well as the windows, the door jamb, the pilasters, the frieze and the dado.
Doors on either side of the pillars lead into a network of tunnels running deep into the hill, with caves for prayer and meditation.
The ground storey of the temple belongs to the late 11th century, while the terraces above are attributed to King Narapatisithu (1174-1211).
floral design
Stone curving of Kyaukgu U Min
Kyaukgu Umin (Google Map)
Reference Books:
Glimpse of Glorious Bagan, Universities Historical Research Centre, Yangon, Myanmar, The University Press, 1996
Pictorial Guide to Pagan, Ministry of Culture, Yangon, Myanmar, The Printing and Publish Corporation, Reprint 1975
The Pagodas and Monuments of Bagan, Vol. 1, Translated by Dr Khin Maung Nyunt, Ministry of Information, Yangon, Myanmar, Graphic Training Centre (G.T.C), 1995
The Pagodas and Monuments of Bagan , Vol. 2, English Text by Dr Khin Maung Nyunt, Ministry of Information, Yangon, Myanmar, Graphic Training Centre (G.T.C), 1998
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